عضو جدید الفبای زبان انگلیسی

الفبای انگلیسی در گذشته 26 حرف داشت. اما به تازگی کاراکتر & که به معنی (و) است به جمع الفبای زبان انگلیسی پیوسته است و به این ترتیب زبان انگلیسی 27 حرفی شده است. اما این کاراکتر تاریخچه جالبی دارد. بیش از 1500 سال از زمانی که برای نخستین بار شکل این کاراکتر طراحی شد می گذرد. در نسخه های قدیمی رومی از حروف شکسته استفاده می شد و در آن زمان رومی ها در تلاش بودند به شیوه ای بنویسند که در فضای نوشتن تا حد امکان صرفه جویی کنند. در زبان لاتین et معادل (و) است و هنگامی که این دو حرف به صورت شکسته نوشته می شوند و در کنار هم قرار می گیرند به شکل & نوشته می شوند و بنابراین می توان گفت این کاراکتر جدید الورود زبان انگلیسی ریشه لاتین دارد. اما از آنجایی که این کاراکتر در زبان انگلیسی بسیار مورد توجه بوده است و در بسیاری از نامه ها و کتاب ها مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد انگلیسی ها تصمیم گرفتند رسما این کاراکتر را در زبان انگلیسی بپذیرند. اگر چه اساسا حرف ها اجازه ورود به الفبای زبان را دارند اما مثل این که این کاراکتر از این قاعده مستثنی است.

7 TOEIC Tips

TOEIC: Test of English for International Communication

Tip 1: Set a goal
If you are taking the test to apply for a job, find out what
score is needed. Some jobs require a minimum score of 600.
Management jobs may require a higher score, such as 800.
Choose a goal that you can achieve.

Tip 2: Understand the test
Make sure you understand the format of each section. By
practising tests, you will become very familiar with the
TOEIC. The test should become "second nature" to you before
you attempt the real thing.

Tip 3: Make a study plan
Procrastination is one of the key reasons students fail the
TOEIC. The day you decide to take the TOEIC should be the
day you start to study. Write down your study plan!

Tip 4: Divide study time appropriately
The TOEIC is divided into seven sections. Each section is
worth a certain amount of points. Don't spend too much time
studying one section. Many students make the mistake of
studying the section that they enjoy the most.

Tip 5: Build a strong vocabulary
Another reason students fail the TOEIC is that they have a
very limited vocabulary. Remember that the TOEIC has a
business theme. You should study vocabulary such as travel,
banking, health, restaurants, offices, etc.

Tip 6: Isolate your weak points
After you have been studying the TOEIC for a while, you will
find out which parts give you the most trouble. You might
want to change how you divide your time.

Tip 7: Eliminate distractors
Every TOEIC question has at least two distractors (wrong
answers to trick you). There are many types of distractor
such as, similar sounds, homonyms, repeated words etc. Make
a list of distractors so you recognize them more easily.

7 Roman Numerals

You know that 2 + 2 = 4. But do you know that ii + ii = iv?

The numbers that we normally use (1, 2, 3 etc) are called
"Arabic numerals". But we sometimes use another system for
writing numers - "Roman numerals". The Romans used letters
of the alphabet to represent numbers, and you will
occasionally see this system used for page numbers, clock
faces, dates of movies etc.

There are 7 letters used for Roman numerals:

I = 1
V = 5
X = 10
L = 50
C = 100
D = 500
M = 1000

In general, letters are placed in decreasing order of value,
eg XVI = 16. Letters can be repeated one or two times to
increase value, eg XX = 20, XXX = 30. Letters cannot be
repeated three times, so XXXX is not used for 40. In this
case, XL = 40 (50 minus 10).